Gulliver's Travels

Jonathan Swift published this biting satire on October 28, 1726, under the long pseudonymous title that frames the work as a genuine travelogue by Lemuel Gulliver. The story begins with an English surgeon shipwrecked in Lilliput, where he finds himself towering over six-inch-tall people locked in absurd political squabbles over egg-cracking directions. This initial conflict serves as a direct jab at the religious wars between Catholics and Protestants, while the Lilliputian court mirrors the corruption and pettiness of King George I's ministers.

Gulliver's journey continues to Brobdingnag, a land of giants where his perspective shifts entirely. He becomes a tiny curiosity to the locals, and the King of Brobdingnag listens to Gulliver's descriptions of European history only to condemn them as monstrous and corrupt. The third voyage takes him to the floating island of Laputa, home to intellectuals obsessed with abstract mathematics but useless in practical life, before he visits the Academy of Projectors in Balnibarbi to witness ridiculous scientific experiments that mock the Royal Society.

The final and darkest section introduces the Houyhnhnms, rational horses living in a utopia governed by pure reason, contrasted against the Yahoos, filthy human-like beasts. Gulliver becomes so enamored with the horses that he develops a deep misanthropy toward his own species. Upon returning to England, he can no longer bear the company of his family or fellow humans, ending the narrative on a note of profound cynicism rather than adventure. [편집]